Must know concepts

• HTTP

• REST

• GraphQL

• Relational database

  • N + 1 select issue and how to solve it

• NoSQL database

  • CAP theorem

  • Tradeoffs

• Void premature optimization

  • Measure and profile

• Unit test all the things

• Invest time in good design

  • Read open source projects

    • Code organization

• Dependency Injection / Inversion of Control

• Cloud patterns

  • Exponential backoff

  • Throttling

• Cookies

• localStorage

• XSS

• CSRF

• JWT

• Session cookies

• Stateful vs stateless architecture

• DevOps

  • Containers

  • Serverless

  • CI/CD

• Multithreading

• Load balancers

• Web servers

• Caches

  • Redis

  • memcached

• Search datasotres (Elasticsearch, Solr)

• Log/event/message processor (Kafka)

• Task queues/task processing libraries

• Periodic jobs (cron)

• Reliability

• Monitoring

• Observability

• Error/failure handling

• Migration strategies

• Data normalization/denormalization

• Horizontal vs Vertical scalability

This is an summarized content from the Hacker News article